{"id":10813,"date":"2022-05-08T18:49:07","date_gmt":"2022-05-08T15:49:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/193.40.33.167\/teatmik\/?p=10813"},"modified":"2024-06-28T17:54:29","modified_gmt":"2024-06-28T14:54:29","slug":"diakriitilised-margid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/diakriitilised-margid\/","title":{"rendered":"Diakriitilised m\u00e4rgid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Diakriitiline m\u00e4rk<\/strong> ehk <strong>diakriitik<\/strong> on t\u00e4he peale, alla, sisse, k\u00f5rvale pandud v\u00f5i alust\u00e4hest l\u00e4bi t\u00f5mmatud lisam\u00e4rk, mis muudab alust\u00e4he t\u00e4hendust. Eesti t\u00e4hestikus esinevad diakriitikutena <strong>t\u00e4pid<\/strong> ehk <strong>treema<\/strong> (\u00a8: <em>\u00e4<\/em>, <em>\u00f6<\/em>, <em>\u00fc<\/em>), <strong>tilde<\/strong> (\u02dc: <em>\u00f5<\/em>) ning <strong>haak<\/strong> (\u02c7: <em>\u0161<\/em>, <em>\u017e<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teised tuntuimad diakriitikud on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>akuut (\u00b4, nt <em>\u00e1, \u0107, \u00e9, \u00ed, \u00f3, \u015b<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>graavis (`, nt <em>\u00e0, \u00e8, \u00ec, \u00f2, \u00f9<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kaar ehk breevis (\u02d8, nt <em>\u0103, \u011f, \u016d<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>l\u00e4biv kaldkriips (nt <em>\u0142, \u00f8<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>makron ehk pikkuskriips (\u00af, nt <em>\u0101, \u0113, \u012b, \u014d, \u016b<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u00f6\u00f6rdsedii ehk ogonek (\u02db, nt <em>\u0105, \u0119, \u012f<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sedii (\u00b8, nt <em>\u00e7, \u015f<\/em>; t\u00fcpograafiliselt l\u00e4hedane alakomale: <em>\u0137, \u013c, \u0146<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>topeltakuut (nt <em>\u0151, \u0171<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tsirkumfleks (\u02c6, nt <em>\u00e2, \u00ea, \u00ee, \u00f4, \u00fb<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00fclapunkt (\u02d9, nt <em>\u010b, \u0117, \u017c<\/em>),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00fclas\u00f5\u00f5r (\u00b0, nt <em>\u00e5, \u016f<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kui tavaliselt moodustuvad suur- ja v\u00e4iket\u00e4he paarid diakriitikutega t\u00e4htede puhul samasuguselt kui ilma diakriitikuteta t\u00e4htedel, siis aserbaid\u017eaani ja t\u00fcrgi keeles on diakriitikuks loetud ka <em>i<\/em> peal olev punkt, seega on eraldi t\u00e4hed punktita <em>i<\/em> (<em>I \u0131<\/em>, = eesti <em>\u00f5<\/em>) ja punktiga <em>i<\/em> (<em>\u0130 i<\/em>, = eesti <em>i<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ligatuurid<\/strong> ehk liitt\u00e4hed on kahest k\u00f5rvutisest t\u00e4hest graafiliselt kokkukujundatud t\u00e4hed. Islandi, norra ja taani keeles on kasutusel <em>a<\/em> ja <em>e<\/em> liitum <em>\u00e6<\/em>, prantsuse keeles <em>o<\/em> ja <em>e<\/em> liitum <em>\u0153<\/em>. M\u00f5ne teise keele kirjapanekutes esineb samuti ligatuure, kuid \u00fcksnes t\u00fcpograafilise v\u00f5ttena (inglise <em>encyclop\u00e6dia<\/em> v\u00f5ib kirjutada ka <em>encyclopaedia<\/em>, tuntud on ka <em>fi<\/em>, <em>ff<\/em> jm ligatuurid).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Teisendt\u00e4hed<\/strong> on ladina alust\u00e4hestiku t\u00e4hti teisendades saadud t\u00e4hekujud, nt aserbaid\u017eaani <em>\u0259<\/em>, mis m\u00e4rgib <em>\u00e4<\/em>-h\u00e4\u00e4likut, v\u00f5i uued kujundatud v\u00f5i teistest kirjadest laenatud t\u00e4hekujud, nt islandi <em>\u00de \u00fe<\/em>, Aafrika keeltes esinevad <em>\u0190 \u025b<\/em>, <em>\u0186 \u0254<\/em>, <em>\u01a9 \u0283<\/em>, <em>\u01b7 \u0292<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vt ka<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/eki.ee\/teatmik\/kiri-ja-tahestik\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/eki.ee\/teatmik\/kiri-ja-tahestik\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Kiri ja t\u00e4hestik<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/eki.ee\/teatmik\/voornimede-kirjutamine\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/eki.ee\/teatmik\/voornimede-kirjutamine\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">V\u00f5\u00f5rnimede kirjutamine<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diakriitilised m\u00e4rgid ehk diakriitikud, ligatuurid ehk liitt\u00e4hed, teisendt\u00e4hed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1494],"tags":[1091,1092,1093,1094,1139,1095],"class_list":["post-10813","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-laiendatud-oigekirjareeglid","tag-diakriitik","tag-diakriitiline-mark","tag-ligatuur","tag-liittaht","tag-taheortograafia","tag-teisendtaht"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10813","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10813"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10813\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20582,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10813\/revisions\/20582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10813"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10813"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10813"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}