{"id":11706,"date":"2022-05-30T05:32:09","date_gmt":"2022-05-30T02:32:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/?p=11706"},"modified":"2024-03-08T23:34:39","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T21:34:39","slug":"kreeka-ladina-tahetabelid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/kreeka-ladina-tahetabelid\/","title":{"rendered":"Kreeka-ladina t\u00e4hetabelid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kreeka nimede kirjutamiseks eesti tekstis on kasutusel kaks tabelit: vanakreeka ja uuskreeka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vanakreeka-ladina t\u00e4hetabel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vanakreeka isiku- ja kohanimede edasiandmiseks sobib traditsiooniline kreeka-ladina t\u00e4hetabel, mis vastab 1976. a \u201e\u00d5igekeelsuss\u00f5naraamatus\u201c esitatud teisele s\u00fcsteemile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e4hed<\/th>Vasted<\/th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0391 \u03b1<\/td>= a<\/strong><\/td>\u03a4\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 = Tantalos<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03b1\u03b9<\/td>= a<\/strong> (kohanime l\u00f5pus)<\/td>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1\u03af = Plataia<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03b1\u03c5<\/td>= au<\/strong><\/td>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 = Pausanias<\/td><\/tr>
\u0392 \u03b2<\/td>= b<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03ad\u03c1\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 = Kerberos<\/td><\/tr>
\u0393 \u03b3<\/td>= g<\/strong><\/td>\u0393\u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ce = Gorgo<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03b3\u03b3<\/td>= ng<\/strong><\/td>\u1f08\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 = Angites<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03b3\u03ba<\/td>= nk<\/strong><\/td>\u1f0c\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 = Ankyra<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03b3\u03be<\/td>= nx<\/strong><\/td>\u03a3\u03c6\u03af\u03b3\u03be = Sphinx<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03b3\u03c7<\/td>= nch<\/strong><\/td>\u1f08\u03b3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 = Anchises<\/td><\/tr>
\u0394 \u03b4<\/td>= d<\/strong><\/td>\u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 = Diomedes<\/td><\/tr>
\u0395 \u03b5<\/td>= e<\/strong><\/td>\u039c\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03c2 = Menelaos<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03b5\u03c5<\/td>= eu<\/strong><\/td>\u0395\u1f50\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c2 = Eurystheus<\/td><\/tr>
\u0396 \u03b6<\/td>= z<\/strong><\/td>\u0396\u03b5\u03cd\u03c2 = Zeus<\/td><\/tr>
\u0397 \u03b7<\/td>= e<\/strong><\/td>\u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ae\u03bd\u03b7 = Messene<\/td><\/tr>
\u0398 \u03b8<\/td>= th<\/strong><\/td>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c2 = Prometheus<\/td><\/tr>
\u0399 \u03b9<\/td>= i<\/strong><\/td>\u039c\u03b9\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 = Miltiades<\/td><\/tr>
\u039a \u03ba<\/td>= k<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03af\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7 = Kirke<\/td><\/tr>
\u039b \u03bb<\/td>= l<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7 = Kalliope<\/td><\/tr>
\u039c \u03bc<\/td>= m<\/strong><\/td>\u039c\u03b5\u03bb\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 = Melpomene<\/td><\/tr>
\u039d \u03bd<\/td>= n<\/strong><\/td>\u1f08\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 = Antigone<\/td><\/tr>
\u039e \u03be<\/td>= x<\/strong><\/td>\u039e\u03ad\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 = Xerxes<\/td><\/tr>
\u039f \u03bf<\/td>= o<\/strong><\/td>\u0394\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 = Dionysos<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03bf\u03b9<\/td>= i<\/strong> (kohanime l\u00f5pus)<\/td>\u03a6\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 = Philippi<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u03bf\u03c5<\/td>= u<\/strong><\/td>\u039b\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 = Lykurgos<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a0 \u03c0<\/td>= p<\/strong><\/td>\u03a0\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7 = Penelope<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a1 \u03c1<\/td>= r<\/strong><\/td>\u1f08\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 = Aristarchos<\/td><\/tr>
\u2013 \u1fe5<\/td>= rh<\/strong><\/td>\u1fec\u03ad\u03b1 = Rhea, \u03a0\u03cd\u1fe4\u1fe5\u03bf\u03c2 = Pyrrhos<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a3 \u03c3 \u03c2<\/td>= s<\/strong><\/td>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 = Demosthenes<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a4 \u03c4<\/td>= t<\/strong><\/td>\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 = Philoktetes<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a5 \u03c5<\/td>= y<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u1fe6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 = Kyros<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a6 \u03c6<\/td>= ph<\/strong><\/td>\u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 = Bukephalas<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a7 \u03c7<\/td>= ch<\/strong><\/td>\u03a7\u03c1\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 = Chrysippos, \u1f08\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 = Archilochos<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a8 \u03c8<\/td>= ps<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03ce = Kalypso<\/td><\/tr>
\u03a9 \u03c9<\/td>= o<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd = Kolophon<\/td><\/tr>
\u1ffe 1<\/sup><\/td>= h<\/strong><\/td>\u1f4d\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 = Homeros, \u1f39\u03c0\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 = Hippolytos<\/td><\/tr>
\u1fbf 2<\/sup><\/td>j\u00e4\u00e4b m\u00e4rkimata<\/td>\u1f1c\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 = Ephesos, \u039f\u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 = Oidipus<\/td><\/tr>
\u1fbe 3<\/sup><\/td>j\u00e4\u00e4b m\u00e4rkimata<\/td>\u1f29\u03c1\u1ff4\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 = Herodes, \u1f0d\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 = Hades<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Vanakreeka-ladina t\u00e4hetabel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Spiritus asper<\/em> (dasia<\/em>), esineb t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku ees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Spiritus lenis<\/em> (psili<\/em>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Iota subscriptum<\/em> (prosgegrammeni<\/em>) ning iota adscriptum<\/em>; \u201eebapuhtaid\u201c diftonge m\u00e4rgitakse \u00fcksikvokaaliga.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Uuskreeka-ladina t\u00e4hetabel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Uuskreeka isiku- ja kohanimede transkribeerimiseks kasutatakse kreeka omaladinat (ELOT 743:1983), mille on heaks kiitnud \u00dcRO V kohanimekonverents (1987), Eestis Emakeele Seltsi keeletoimkond (1996).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kui t\u00e4he\u00fchendid \u03b1\u03c5, \u03b5\u03c5, \u03b7\u03c5 on r\u00f5hulised ja r\u00f5hum\u00e4rk transkribeeritakse, pannakse see ladina t\u00e4hestikus t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku kohale (s.t \u00e1v, \u00e1f, \u00e9v, \u00e9f, \u00edv, \u00edf). Et paremini eristada teineteisest kaht kreeka tabelit, on soovitatav r\u00f5hum\u00e4rk alati transkribeerida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00e4hed<\/th>Vasted<\/th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    \u0391 \u03b1<\/td>= a<\/strong><\/td>\u0391\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 = Alexandro\u00fapoli<\/td><\/tr>
    \u2013 \u03b1\u03c5<\/td>= av<\/strong>1<\/sup><\/td>\u0391\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 = Avl\u00e9s<\/td><\/tr>
    <\/td>= af<\/strong>2<\/sup><\/td>\u039d\u03b1\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf = N\u00e1fplio<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0392 \u03b2<\/td>= v<\/strong><\/td>\u0392\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 = V\u00f3los<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0393 \u03b3<\/td>= g<\/strong><\/td>\u0393\u03c1\u03b5\u03b2\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac = Greven\u00e1<\/td><\/tr>
    \u2013 \u03b3\u03b3<\/td>= ng<\/strong><\/td>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03ac\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 = Arch\u00e1ngelos<\/td><\/tr>
    \u2013 \u03b3\u03be<\/td>= nx<\/strong><\/td>\u03a3\u03c6\u03b9\u03b3\u03be = Sfinx<\/td><\/tr>
    \u2013 \u03b3\u03c7<\/td>= nch<\/strong><\/td>\u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u0391\u03b3\u03c7\u03af\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 = N\u00e9a Anch\u00edalos<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0394 \u03b4<\/td>= d<\/strong><\/td>\u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03c5\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03bf = Didym\u00f3teicho<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0395 \u03b5<\/td>= e<\/strong><\/td>\u0395\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 = Elefther\u00e9s<\/td><\/tr>
    \u2013 \u03b5\u03c5<\/td>= ev<\/strong>1<\/sup><\/td>\u0395\u03cd\u03b2\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 = \u00c9vvoia<\/td><\/tr>
    <\/td>= ef<\/strong>2<\/sup><\/td>\u0395\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 = Efkarp\u00eda<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0396 \u03b6<\/td>= z<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03bf\u03b6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 = Koz\u00e1ni<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0397 \u03b7<\/td>= i<\/strong><\/td>\u0397\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf = Ir\u00e1kleio<\/td><\/tr>
    \u2013 \u03b7\u03c5<\/td>= iv<\/strong>1<\/sup><\/td>(nimedes harv)<\/td><\/tr>
    <\/td>= if<\/strong>2<\/sup><\/td>(nimedes harv)<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0398 \u03b8<\/td>= th<\/strong><\/td>\u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 = Thessalon\u00edki<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0399 \u03b9<\/td>= i<\/strong><\/td>\u03a6\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 = F\u00edlippoi<\/td><\/tr>
    \u039a \u03ba<\/td>= k<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03b9\u03bb\u03ba\u03af\u03c2 = Kilk\u00eds<\/td><\/tr>
    \u039b \u03bb<\/td>= l<\/strong><\/td>\u03a0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 = P\u00e9lla<\/td><\/tr>
    \u039c \u03bc<\/td>= m<\/strong><\/td>\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac = Mikromili\u00e1<\/td><\/tr>
    \u2013 \u03bc\u03c0<\/td>= b<\/strong> (s\u00f5na alguses v\u00f5i l\u00f5pus)<\/td>\u039c\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf = B\u00f3rsio<\/td><\/tr>
    <\/td>= mp<\/strong> (s\u00f5na keskel)<\/td>\u039a\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03ac = Kampi\u00e1<\/td><\/tr>
    \u039d \u03bd<\/td>= n<\/strong><\/td>\u0399\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 = Io\u00e1nnina<\/td><\/tr>
    \u039e \u03be<\/td>= x<\/strong><\/td>\u039e\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7 = X\u00e1nthi<\/td><\/tr>
    \u039f \u03bf<\/td>= o<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 = K\u00f3rinthos<\/td><\/tr>
    \u2013 \u03bf\u03c5<\/td>= ou<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 = Ko\u00fandouros<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a0 \u03c0<\/td>= p<\/strong><\/td>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac = Parmpari\u00e1<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a1 \u03c1<\/td>= r<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03ad\u03c1\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 = K\u00e9rkyra<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a3 \u03c3 \u03c2<\/td>= s<\/strong><\/td>\u03a3\u03ad\u03c1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 = S\u00e9rres<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a4 \u03c4<\/td>= t<\/strong><\/td>\u03a4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 = Trip\u00f3tama<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a5 \u03c5<\/td>= y<\/strong><\/td>\u039a\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c1\u03b1 = K\u00fdthira<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a6 \u03c6<\/td>= f<\/strong><\/td>\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03bb\u03c6\u03b9 = Filad\u00e9lfi<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a7 \u03c7<\/td>= ch<\/strong><\/td>\u03a7\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 = Ch\u00edos<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a8 \u03c8<\/td>= ps<\/strong><\/td>\u03a8\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 = Psath\u00f3pyrgos<\/td><\/tr>
    \u03a9 \u03c9<\/td>= o<\/strong><\/td>\u03a6\u03bb\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 = Fl\u00f3rina<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
    Uuskreeka-ladina t\u00e4hetabel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. Kaash\u00e4\u00e4likute \u03b2, \u03b3, \u03b4, \u03b6, \u03bb, \u03bc, \u03bd ja k\u00f5igi t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute ees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Kaash\u00e4\u00e4likute \u03b8, \u03ba, \u03be, \u03c0, \u03c3, \u03c4, \u03c6, \u03c7, \u03c8 ees ja s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Ajaloost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Vana-Kreeka nimede kirjutamise kohta anti l\u00e4hemaid juhiseid 1918. a ilmunud \u201eEesti keele \u00f5igekirjutuse-s\u00f5naraamatus\u201c. Soovitati kinni pidada ladinap\u00e4rasest kirjutusviisist, kui see kreeka s\u00f5nakuju liiga ei muuda, s\u00e4ilitada kreeka os<\/em>\u2011l\u00f5pp (Kentauros, Homeros<\/em>) ning ai<\/em>\u2011 ja oi<\/em>\u2011diftong (Aischylos, Euboia<\/em>). S\u00f5nal\u00f5puline ai<\/em> ja oi<\/em> v\u00f5is j\u00e4\u00e4da erandlikult teisele kujule, kui selline oli juurdunud: Ateena, Delfi, M\u00fckeena<\/em> (mitte Ateenai, Delfoi, M\u00fckeenai<\/em>). T\u00e4iesti tuli v\u00e4lja heita eesti t\u00e4hestikust ph<\/em> (kreeka \u03c6) ning tema asemel f<\/em> kirjutada, nt filosoof<\/em>. Ei ole selge, kas m\u00f5eldi selle reegli all ka nimesid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kindlamad reeglid andis Eesti Kirjanduse Seltsi keeletoimkond 20. detsembril 1926 (Muuk 1926). Need k\u00e4isid \u00fcksnes isikunimede kohta, kohanimede osas kalduti neist vahel k\u00f5rvale (y<\/em> asemel \u00fc<\/em>, x<\/em>\u2011i asemel ks<\/em>, ph<\/em> asemel f<\/em>, vt Nurm 1958: 43\u201344). Reeglid avaldati V\u00d5S 1933\u2011s ja selle hilisemates tr\u00fckkides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L\u00e4htudes p\u00f5him\u00f5ttest, et transkriptsioonis tohib tarvitada ainult eesti t\u00e4hestiku t\u00e4hti, asendati 1953. a V\u00d5Sis m\u00f5ned ladina vasted: ch<\/em> h<\/em> ja hh<\/em>\u2011ga (vokaalide vahel), x<\/em> ks<\/em>\u2011iga ning y<\/em> \u00fc<\/em>\u2011ga. \u00dchtlasi laiendati need juhised kohanimedele, lisades m\u00e4rkuse kreeka mitmuslike (ai<\/em>\u2011 ja oi<\/em>\u2011l\u00f5puliste) kohanimede transkribeerimise kohta. 1960. a \u00d5Sis eestip\u00e4rastati kreeka nimede transkriptsiooni veelgi, asendades rh<\/em> r<\/em>\u2011iga ja th<\/em> t<\/em>\u2011ga. K\u00f5iki neid muudatusi p\u00f5hjendas Ernst Nurm (1958) oma kreeka nimesid k\u00e4sitlevas artiklis. Muuhulgas pidas ta vajalikuks kreekap\u00e4raste l\u00f5ppude (\u2011os, \u2011on<\/em>) ja kreekap\u00e4rase r\u00f5hu j\u00e4rjekindlamat kasutamist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Nurmele vaidles vastu Aleksander Vaga (1957), kes soovis y<\/em>\u2011i s\u00e4ilitamist kreeka nimedes, ja J. V. Veski (1961), kes toonitas kreeka ja ladina keele tihedat ajaloolist seotust ning pooldas seet\u00f5ttu varasemat ladinap\u00e4rast transkriptsiooni. N\u00e4idetest ilmnes, et ta soovis kreeka nimedes n\u00e4ha ka ladina l\u00f5ppe ja r\u00f5hke (Polyph\u00e9mus, Dion\u00fdsus, Th\u00e9seus<\/em>). Traditsioonilist transkriptsiooni soovis tagasi samuti Ain Kaalep (1961), kes siiski eelistas kreekap\u00e4raseid nimekujusid (Aischylos<\/em>, mitte Aeschylus<\/em>, Philokomasion<\/em>, mitte Philocomasium<\/em>). Kreeka nimede kuju arutati pakilise k\u00fcsimusena Emakeele Seltsi koosolekul 26. aprillil 1959 ning mitut puhku vabariiklikus \u00f5igekeelsuskomisjonis, kuid \u00fchisele seisukohale ei suudetud j\u00f5uda. Ettepanek kirjutada kreeka nimesid p\u00f5hiliselt E. Muugi 1933. a V\u00d5Sist tuntud reeglite kohaselt l\u00fckati tagasi, ent ka 1960. a \u00d5Si reeglite \u00fcldkohustuslikuks kehtestamise ettepanek ei saanud tarvilikku h\u00e4\u00e4lte\u00adenamust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Tegelikus kasutuses (t\u00f5lgetes, klassikalise filoloogia t\u00f6\u00f6des, ents\u00fcklopeedias) j\u00e4tkati siiski kreeka nimede ladinap\u00f5hjalist transkribeerimist. 1976. a \u00d5S lubas seet\u00f5ttu alternatiivina m\u00f5lemaid: nii eesti kirjaviisile kohandatut kui ka ladinap\u00e4rast. 1995. a pidas Emakeele Seltsi keeletoimkond v\u00f5imalikuks loobuda eestip\u00e4rasest transkriptsioonist hoopiski, kuid see on siiski kasutusel nt praeguses piiblit\u00f5lkes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Vt ka<\/h4>\n\n\n\n