{"id":12221,"date":"2022-06-26T03:39:39","date_gmt":"2022-06-26T00:39:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/?p=12221"},"modified":"2022-09-05T04:13:23","modified_gmt":"2022-09-05T01:13:23","slug":"udmurdi-eesti-tahetabel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/udmurdi-eesti-tahetabel\/","title":{"rendered":"Udmurdi-eesti t\u00e4hetabel"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Heaks kiitnud Emakeele Seltsi keeletoimkond 2021. aastal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e4hetabel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
T\u00e4hed<\/th>Vasted<\/th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0410 \u0430<\/td>= a<\/strong><\/td>\u0410\u0434\u0430\u043c = Adam, \u0410\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0448 = Alna\u0161<\/td><\/tr>
\u0411 \u0431<\/td>= b<\/strong><\/td>\u0411\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0448\u0443\u0440 = Baba\u0161ur, \u0411\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Bajdagurt<\/td><\/tr>
\u0412 \u0432<\/td>= v<\/strong><\/td>\u0412\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0436 = Vavo\u017e, \u0412\u044b\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = V\u00f5lgurt<\/td><\/tr>
\u0413 \u0433<\/td>= g<\/strong><\/td>\u0413\u043e\u043f\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Gopgurt, \u0413\u0443\u0440\u044a\u044f\u043a\u0430\u0440 = Gurjakar<\/td><\/tr>
\u0414 \u0434<\/td>= d<\/strong><\/td>\u0414\u044d\u0434\u044d = Dede, \u0414\u0435\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u043e\u0440 = Denvajdor<\/td><\/tr>
\u0415 \u0435<\/td>= e<\/strong> (\u00fcldjuhul)<\/td>\u0413\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Gerejgurt<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>= je<\/strong> (s\u00f5na alguses, samuti t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku, \u0439, \u044a ja \u044c j\u00e4rel)<\/td>\u0415\u0432\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0434 = Jevgralud, \u041a\u0443\u0435\u0434\u0430 = Kujeda<\/td><\/tr>
\u0401 \u0451<\/td>= jo<\/strong><\/td>\u0401\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0438 = Jorompi, \u0423\u0451 = Ujo, \u0414\u0430\u043d\u0451\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Danjogurt<\/td><\/tr>
\u0416 \u0436<\/td>= \u017e<\/strong><\/td>\u0416\u043e\u0431\u0448\u0443\u0440 = \u017dob\u0161ur, \u0416\u0443\u0436\u0433\u0435\u0441 = \u017du\u017eges<\/td><\/tr>
\u04dc \u04dd<\/td>= d\u017e<\/strong><\/td>\u04dc\u0438\u043a\u044a\u044f = D\u017eikja, \u0412\u044b\u04dd\u043e\u0439\u044b\u043b = V\u00f5d\u017eoj\u00f5l<\/td><\/tr>
\u0417 \u0437<\/td>= z<\/strong><\/td>\u0417\u04e7\u043a \u041e\u043b\u044b\u043f = Z\u00f6k Ol\u00f5p, \u041e\u0437\u0435\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0439 = Ozegvaj<\/td><\/tr>
\u04de \u04df<\/td>= dzj<\/strong> (\u00fcldjuhul)<\/td>\u04de\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430 = Dzjanka, \u0411\u0430\u0434\u04df\u044b\u043c\u043b\u0443\u0434 = Baddzj\u00f5mlud<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>= d\u017e<\/strong> (s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus, samuti kaash\u00e4\u00e4liku ees)<\/td>\u041b\u043e\u043b\u043b\u044d\u04df = Lolled\u017e, \u041a\u0443\u04df\u043b\u0443\u0434 = Kud\u017elud<\/td><\/tr>
\u0418 \u0438<\/td>= i<\/strong><\/td>\u0418\u0442\u0447\u0438 = Itt\u0161i, \u041f\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u041f\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430 = Pit\u0161i Purga<\/td><\/tr>
\u04e4 \u04e5<\/td>= i<\/strong><\/td>\u0414\u04e5\u043d\u044c\u0442\u044d\u043c-\u0411\u04e7\u0434\u044c\u044f = Dintem-B\u00f6dja, \u0423\u043b\u04e5 \u041f\u0430\u0436\u043c\u0430 = Uli Pa\u017ema<\/td><\/tr>
\u0419 \u0439<\/td>= j<\/strong><\/td>\u0419\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0448 = J\u00f5ra\u0161, \u0411\u0430\u0439\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0437\u044c = Bajgurez<\/td><\/tr>
\u041a \u043a<\/td>= k<\/strong><\/td>\u041a\u04e7\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d = K\u00f6koran, \u0423\u0437\u044f\u043a\u0430\u0440 = Uzjakar<\/td><\/tr>
\u041b \u043b<\/td>= l<\/strong><\/td>\u041b\u043e\u043b\u043b\u044d\u0437-\u04dc\u0438\u043a\u044a\u044f = Lollez-D\u017eikja, \u041b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044e\u043a = Lozoljuk<\/td><\/tr>
\u041c \u043c<\/td>= m<\/strong><\/td>\u041c\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Memetgurt, \u041c\u0430\u0437\u0451\u043f\u0438 = Mazjopi<\/td><\/tr>
\u041d \u043d<\/td>= n<\/strong><\/td>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430 = Naza, \u041d\u044e\u043d\u044f\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Njunjagurt<\/td><\/tr>
\u041e \u043e<\/td>= o<\/strong><\/td>\u041e\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430 = Onto\u0161ka, \u041e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Orosgurt<\/td><\/tr>
\u04e6 \u04e7<\/td>= \u00f6<\/strong><\/td>\u04e6\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = \u00d6rkagurt, \u041a\u04e7\u0439\u043b\u0443\u0434 = K\u00f6jlud, \u041a\u04e7\u0442\u04df\u043e = K\u00f6tdzjo<\/td><\/tr>
\u041f \u043f<\/td>= p<\/strong><\/td>\u041f\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Papangurt, \u041f\u0430\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438 = Pa\u0161kopi<\/td><\/tr>
\u0420 \u0440<\/td>= r<\/strong><\/td>\u0420\u044b\u0441\u0430\u0439 = R\u00f5saj, \u0420\u043e\u0437\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0439 = Rozletaj<\/td><\/tr>
\u0421 \u0441<\/td>= s<\/strong><\/td>\u0421\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043e\u043d = Samson, \u0423\u0441\u043e = Uso<\/td><\/tr>
\u0422 \u0442<\/td>= t<\/strong><\/td>\u0422\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0448\u0442\u04e5 = Tat\u00f5\u0161ti, \u0422\u044e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0440\u0439\u044b\u043b = Tjupti\u0161urj\u00f5l<\/td><\/tr>
\u0423 \u0443<\/td>= u<\/strong><\/td>\u0423\u043c\u0435\u0434\u044c\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Umedgurt, \u0423\u043c\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0434 = Umopud<\/td><\/tr>
\u0424 \u0444<\/td>= f<\/strong><\/td>(esineb ainult laens\u00f5nades)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0425 \u0445<\/td>= h<\/strong> (\u00fcldjuhul)<\/td>(esineb ainult laens\u00f5nades)<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>= hh<\/strong> (t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel ja s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku j\u00e4rel)<\/td>(esineb ainult laens\u00f5nades)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0426 \u0446<\/td>= ts<\/strong><\/td>(esineb ainult laens\u00f5nades, samuti murdes\u00f5nades)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0427 \u0447<\/td>= t\u0161<\/strong><\/td>\u0427\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = T\u0161at\u0161agurt, \u041a\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 = Ket\u0161taka<\/td><\/tr>
\u04f4 \u04f5<\/td>= t\u0161<\/strong><\/td>\u04f4\u04e7\u0436\u0438 = T\u0161\u00f6\u017ei, \u04f4\u0430\u04f5\u04f5\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = T\u0161at\u0161t\u0161agurt<\/td><\/tr>
\u0428 \u0448<\/td>= \u0161<\/strong><\/td>\u0428\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0448\u0443\u0440 = \u0160undo\u0161ur, \u0428\u0443\u043f\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0438 = \u0160up\u0161adi<\/td><\/tr>
\u0429 \u0449<\/td>= \u0161t\u0161<\/strong><\/td>(esineb ainult laens\u00f5nades)<\/td><\/tr>
\u042a \u044a<\/td>j\u00e4\u00e4b m\u00e4rkimata<\/td>\u0422\u0443\u0440\u044a\u044f = Turja, \u041b\u0443\u0434\u044a\u044f\u0433 = Ludjag<\/td><\/tr>
\u042b \u044b<\/td>= \u00f5<\/strong><\/td>\u042b\u043a\u0442\u044b\u043c = \u00d5kt\u00f5m, \u0422\u0443\u0439\u043c\u044b\u0439\u044b\u043b = Tujm\u00f5j\u00f5l<\/td><\/tr>
\u042c \u044c<\/td>j\u00e4\u00e4b m\u00e4rkimata (\u00fcldjuhul)<\/td>\u0411\u0430\u0434\u044c\u043d\u044e\u043a = Badnjuk, \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0437\u044c = Kargurez<\/td><\/tr>
<\/td>= j<\/strong> (t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku \/v.a \u0435, \u0451, \u044e, \u044f\/ ees)<\/td>\u041b\u044c\u04e7\u043c\u044b = Lj\u00f6m\u00f5, \u0421\u044c\u04e7\u0434\u04df\u0438 = Sj\u00f6ddzji, \u041a\u043e\u043d\u044c\u044b\u043a = Konj\u00f5k<\/td><\/tr>
\u042d \u044d<\/td>= e<\/strong><\/td>\u042d\u0433\u0440\u0430 = Egra, \u0422\u044d\u043b\u0451\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Teljogurt<\/td><\/tr>
\u042e \u044e<\/td>= ju<\/strong><\/td>\u042e\u043b\u0430\u0439\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442 = Julajgurt, \u042e\u043e\u043d\u0448\u0443\u0440 = Juon\u0161ur<\/td><\/tr>
\u042f \u044f<\/td>= ja<\/strong><\/td>\u042f\u043a\u0448\u0443\u0440 = Jak\u0161ur, \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0441\u044f = Kaksja<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Udmurdi-eesti t\u00e4hetabel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Otsus on avaldatud Emakeele Seltsi keeletoimkonna lehel<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peenendus udmurdi kirjaviisis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Udmurdi kaash\u00e4\u00e4likud jagunevad peenendumatuteks (b, g, k, m, p, r, \u0161, v, \u017e<\/em>) ja peenenduvateks (d, d\u017e, l, n, s, t, t\u0161, z<\/em>), viimases r\u00fchmas v\u00f5ib iga h\u00e4\u00e4lik esineda nii peenendamata kui ka peenendatud kujul. Kahte paari m\u00e4rgitakse udmurdi t\u00e4hestikus eraldi t\u00e4htedega: peenendamata d\u017e<\/em> on \u04dd<\/strong>, t\u0161<\/em> on \u04f5<\/strong>, peenendatud d\u017e<\/em> on \u04df<\/strong>, t\u0161<\/em> on \u0447<\/strong>. \u00dclej\u00e4\u00e4nud juhtudel m\u00e4rgib nii peenendamata kui ka peenendatud h\u00e4\u00e4likut sama t\u00e4ht, eristus saavutatakse muude t\u00e4htede abil. J\u00e4rgnevas tabelis on k\u00f5igepealt h\u00e4\u00e4lik s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus v\u00f5i kaash\u00e4\u00e4liku ees, seej\u00e4rel t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute ees. Tulpade t\u00e4hised: 1 \u2013 peenenduva h\u00e4\u00e4liku peenendamata variant (n\u00e4itena on kasutatud t<\/em>-h\u00e4\u00e4likut), 2 \u2013 selle peenendatud variant, 3 \u2013 peenendumatu h\u00e4\u00e4lik (n\u00e4itena k<\/em>). Vahetult iga tulba naabruses paremal on eesti transkriptsiooni vaste, mis, nagu n\u00e4ha, pole alati t\u00e4pne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/th>ee<\/th>2<\/th>ee<\/th>3<\/th>ee<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0442<\/td>t<\/td>\u0442\u044c<\/td>t<\/td>\u043a<\/td>k<\/td><\/tr>
\u0442\u0430<\/td>ta<\/td>\u0442\u044f<\/td>tja<\/td>\u043a\u0430<\/td>ka<\/td><\/tr>
\u0442\u044d<\/td>te<\/td>\u0442\u0435<\/td>te<\/td>\u043a\u0435<\/td>ke<\/td><\/tr>
\u0442\u04e5<\/td>ti<\/td>\u0442\u0438<\/td>ti<\/td>\u043a\u0438<\/td>ki<\/td><\/tr>
\u0442\u043e<\/td>to<\/td>\u0442\u0451<\/td>tjo<\/td>\u043a\u043e<\/td>ko<\/td><\/tr>
\u0442\u04e7<\/td>t\u00f6<\/td>\u0442\u044c\u04e7<\/td>tj\u00f6<\/td>\u043a\u04e7<\/td>k\u00f6<\/td><\/tr>
\u0442\u0443<\/td>tu<\/td>\u0442\u044e<\/td>tju<\/td>\u043a\u0443<\/td>ku<\/td><\/tr>
\u0442\u044b<\/td>t\u00f5<\/td>\u0442\u044c\u044b<\/td>tj\u00f5<\/td>\u043a\u044b<\/td>k\u00f5<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
Peenenduse m\u00e4rkimine<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kui peenendamata h\u00e4\u00e4lik satub j<\/em>-ga algava silbi ette, mida m\u00e4rgitakse t\u00e4htedega \u0435, \u0451, \u044e, \u044f, pannakse vahele k\u00f5vendusm\u00e4rk \u044a: \u04dd\u04e7\u043a\u044a\u0451\u0441 \u2019lauad\u2019, \u0441\u0438\u043d\u044a\u0451\u0441 \u2019silmad\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vt ka<\/h4>\n\n\n\n