{"id":21747,"date":"2026-06-15T02:31:33","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T23:31:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/?p=21747"},"modified":"2026-09-10T10:18:43","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T07:18:43","slug":"haaldusjuhiseid-muud-euroopa-keeled","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/haaldusjuhiseid-muud-euroopa-keeled\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e4\u00e4ldusjuhiseid: muud Euroopa keeled"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">J\u00e4rgnevalt on esitatud nende keelte h\u00e4\u00e4ldusjuhiseid, mille nimede kohta ei ole omaette p\u00f5hjalikumat k\u00e4sitlust. Juhised on enamasti koostatud Gemini tehisaru abiga (v\u00f5ivad sisaldada vigu), v\u00f5imalust m\u00f6\u00f6da on juhiseid kontrollitud teistest allikatest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Omaette k\u00e4sitlusi Euroopa keelte h\u00e4\u00e4ldusest vt <a href=\"https:\/\/eki.ee\/teatmik\/nimi\/eri-keelte-nimede-juhiseid\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">nimejuhiste jaotises<\/a> olevatest albaania, bulgaaria, hispaania, hollandi, horvaadi, iiri, inglise, islandi, itaalia, komi, kreeka, ladina, leedu, l\u00e4ti, makedoonia, norra, poola, portugali, prantsuse, rootsi, rumeenia, saksa, serbia, slovaki, sloveeni, soome, taani, tatari, t\u0161ehhi, t\u0161et\u0161eeni, t\u00fcrgi, udmurdi, ukraina, ungari, valgevene ja vene nimede \u00fclevaadetest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Baski keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hispaanias ja Prantsusmaal k\u00f5neldav baski keel (<em>euskara<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, \u00d1 \u00f1, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z. T\u00e4he\u00fchendid on <em>dd<\/em>, <em>ll<\/em>, <em>rr<\/em>, <em>ts<\/em>, <em>tt<\/em>, <em>tx<\/em>, <em>tz<\/em>. R\u00f5hk nimedes on liikuv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>dd<\/strong><\/td><td>[dj] ~ [d&#8217;], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u025f]<\/td><td>Maddalen [madjalen]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>j<\/strong><\/td><td>[j], murretes ka [d\u017e], [\u017e]<\/td><td>Ajuria [ajuria]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[h(h)] hispaania laenudes<\/td><td>June [hune]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ll<\/strong><\/td><td>[lj] ~ [l&#8217;], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u028e]<\/td><td>Amalloa [amaljoa]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f1<\/strong><\/td><td>[nj] ~ [n&#8217;]<\/td><td>Abadi\u00f1o [abadinjo]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>s<\/strong><\/td><td>[s] ~ [\u0161], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [s\u032a]<\/td><td>Eskerika [eskerika] ~ [e\u0161kerika]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>tt<\/strong><\/td><td>[tj] ~ [t&#8217;], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [c]<\/td><td>Pettara [petjara]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>x<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Etxeberri [et\u0161eberri]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>z<\/strong><\/td><td>[s]<\/td><td>Euzkadi [euskadi]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bretooni keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prantsusmaal k\u00f5neldav bretooni keel (<em>ar brezhoneg<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, Ch ch, C&#8217;h c&#8217;h, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, Y y, Z z. T\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likud v\u00f5ivad olla kas l\u00fchikesed v\u00f5i pikad. Pikki t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likuid v\u00f5idakse m\u00e4rkida tsirkumfleksiga (\u02c6), nt <strong>\u00e2<\/strong> [aa]. T\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likud on nasaalsed, kui on m\u00e4rgitud tildega (\u02dc) v\u00f5i kui neile j\u00e4rgneb <strong>n<\/strong> v\u00f5i <strong>\u00f1<\/strong>. R\u00f5hk on tavaliselt eelviimasel silbil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>ch<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Chartrez [\u0161artrez]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>c&#8217;h<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>Arc&#8217;hantred [arhantred]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>eu<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f6]<\/td><td>Alineug [alin\u00f6g]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>gn<\/strong><\/td><td>[nj] ~ [n&#8217;]<\/td><td>Begnen [benje(n)]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>j<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u017e]<\/td><td>Anjev [a(n)\u017eev]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ou<\/strong><\/td><td>[u]<\/td><td>Hazou [hazu]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>u<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00fc]<\/td><td>Bieuzhi-an-Dur [bj\u00f6zi-an-d\u00fcr]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>w<\/strong><\/td><td>[w]<\/td><td>Kerneweg [kerneweg]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>y<\/strong><\/td><td>[j]<\/td><td>Yestael [jestael]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>zh<\/strong><\/td><td>[z], [h] v\u00f5i ei h\u00e4\u00e4ldu<\/td><td>Breizh [breiz]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Esperanto keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esperanto on L. Zamenhofi poolt 1887. a v\u00e4ljapakutud rahvusvaheline keel, mis on \u00fcks vanemaid ja edukamaid omasuguste hulgas. R\u00f5hk on esperanto s\u00f5nades alati eelviimasel silbil. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, \u0108 \u0109, D d, E e, F f, G g, \u011c \u011d, H h, \u0124 \u0125, I i, J j, \u0134 \u0135, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, \u015c \u015d, T t, U u, \u016c \u016d, V v, Z z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>c<\/strong><\/td><td>[ts]<\/td><td>Francio [frants\u00b7i\u02dbo]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0109<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161]<\/td><td>\u0108inio [t\u0161in\u00b7i\u02dbo]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u011d<\/strong><\/td><td>[d\u017e]<\/td><td>Azerbaj\u011dano [azerbaid\u017e\u00b7ano]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0125<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>\u0108e\u0125io [t\u0161ehh\u00b7i\u02dbo]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0135<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u017e]<\/td><td>\u0134erzejo [\u017eerz\u00b7ejo]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u015d<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Li\u0125ten\u015dtejno [lihten\u0161t\u00b7eino]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u016d<\/strong><\/td><td>[u] diftongi j\u00e4relosana<\/td><td>A\u016dstrio [austr\u00b7i\u02dbo]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Friisi keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hollandis k\u00f5neldav friisi, t\u00e4psemalt l\u00e4\u00e4nefriisi keel (<em>Frysk<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i (Y y), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Z z. Pikki t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likuid kirjutatakse kas kahekordselt (<strong>ee<\/strong>) v\u00f5i tsirkumfleksiga (<strong>\u00ea<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>ch<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>Meichert [maihhert]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>oe<\/strong><\/td><td>[u(u)]<\/td><td>Doeke [duuke], Oeds [uts]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>sj<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Sjoerd [\u0161uurt]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>w<\/strong><\/td><td>[v]<\/td><td>Wopke [vopke]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>y<\/strong><\/td><td>[i]<\/td><td>Wybren [vibren]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Vt ka <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/West_Frisian\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia h\u00e4\u00e4ldusjuhiseid<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">F\u00e4\u00e4ri keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Taani omavalitsuslikul alal F\u00e4\u00e4ri saartel k\u00f5neldav f\u00e4\u00e4ri keel (<em>f\u00f8royskt m\u00e1l<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, \u00c1 \u00e1, B b, C c, D d, \u00d0 \u00f0, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, \u00cd \u00ed, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, \u00d3 \u00f3, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, \u00da \u00fa, V v, Y y, \u00dd \u00fd, \u00c6 \u00e6, \u00d8 \u00f8. Ortograafia on suuresti et\u00fcmoloogiline, mis t\u00e4hendab, et kirjapildi ja h\u00e4\u00e4lduse suhe on keeruline ja on palju erandeid. Allpool on esitatud vaid t\u00e4htsamad vastavused. T\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku pikkus s\u00f5ltub j\u00e4rgnevast kaash\u00e4\u00e4likust: kui j\u00e4rgneb \u00fcks kaash\u00e4\u00e4lik, on t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4lik pikk (v\u00f5ib h\u00e4\u00e4lduda ka diftongina), kui j\u00e4rgneb mitu kaash\u00e4\u00e4likut, on t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4lik l\u00fchike. Sellest reeglist on erandeid. J\u00e4rgnevas tabelis on t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute puhul n\u00e4idatud k\u00f5igepealt vaste pika h\u00e4\u00e4likuna, seej\u00e4rel l\u00fchikese h\u00e4\u00e4likuna. T\u00e4hed <strong>g<\/strong>, <strong>b<\/strong>, <strong>d<\/strong> h\u00e4\u00e4lduvad enamasti helituna, st [k], [p], [t]; <strong>k<\/strong>, <strong>p<\/strong>, <strong>t<\/strong> on silbi algul aspireeritud, st [kh], [ph], [th].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>a<\/strong><\/td><td>[ea] v\u00f5i [a]<\/td><td>Aron [earon]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00e1<\/strong><\/td><td>[oa] v\u00f5i [o]<\/td><td>V\u00e1gar [voa\u02dbar]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00e6<\/strong><\/td><td>[ea] v\u00f5i [a]<\/td><td>B\u00e6rendsen [barentsen]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f0<\/strong><\/td><td>ei h\u00e4\u00e4ldu v\u00f5i moodustab t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel siirdeh\u00e4\u00e4liku [j] v\u00f5i [w]<\/td><td>Fuglafj\u00f8r\u00f0ur [fuglafj\u00f6rur], \u00d3\u00f0in [ouwin]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>g<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161] <strong>e<\/strong>, <strong>i<\/strong>, <strong>y<\/strong> ees, samuti \u00fchendis <strong>gj<\/strong><\/td><td>Gj\u00f3gv [t\u0161ekv]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>j\u00e4\u00e4b t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel sageli h\u00e4\u00e4ldamata<\/td><td>S\u00f8rv\u00e1gur [s\u00f6\u00f6rvoa\u02dbur]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00ed<\/strong>, <strong>\u00fd<\/strong><\/td><td>[ui] v\u00f5i [i]<\/td><td>Klaksv\u00edk [klaksvuik], Sv\u00edn\u00e1ir [svuinoajir]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>k<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161]  <strong>e<\/strong>, <strong>i<\/strong>, <strong>y<\/strong> ees, samuti \u00fchendis <strong>kj<\/strong><\/td><td>Ketta [t\u0161ehta]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>kk<\/strong><\/td><td>[hk]<\/td><td>Rikka [rihka]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ll<\/strong><\/td><td>[tl] enamasti<\/td><td>Palla [patla]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>nn<\/strong><\/td><td>[tn] diftongi j\u00e4rel<\/td><td>Ey\u00f0nn [aitn]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f3<\/strong><\/td><td>[ou] v\u00f5i [\u00f6]<\/td><td>T\u00f3rshavn [tou\u0161haun]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f8<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f6\u00f6] v\u00f5i [\u00f6]<\/td><td>B\u00f8ur [b\u00f6\u00f6\u02dbur], F\u00f8royar [f\u00f6rjar]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>pp<\/strong><\/td><td>[hp]<\/td><td>Jeppi [jehpi]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>sj<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Sj\u00far\u00f0ur [\u0161\u00f5urur]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>skt<\/strong><\/td><td>[st]<\/td><td>f\u00f8royskt [f\u00f6\u00f6rist]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>tj<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161]<\/td><td>Tj\u00e1lvi [t\u0161olvi]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>tt<\/strong><\/td><td>[ht]<\/td><td>Hattur [hahtur]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>u<\/strong><\/td><td>[uu] v\u00f5i [u]<\/td><td>Gu\u00f0run [guurun]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00fa<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f5u] v\u00f5i [\u00fc]<\/td><td>\u00dala [\u00f5ula]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Vt ka <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Faroese_orthography\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia f\u00e4\u00e4ri keele ortograafia artiklit<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gaeli keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160otimaal k\u00f5neldav gaeli keel (<em>G\u00e0idhlig<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u. R\u00f5hk on tavaliselt esimesel silbil. Graavis t\u00e4he peal (<strong>\u00e0<\/strong>, <strong>\u00e8<\/strong>, <strong>\u00ec<\/strong>, <strong>\u00f2<\/strong>, <strong>\u00f9<\/strong>) n\u00e4itab t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku pikkust. Pikad t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likud saavad olla vaid r\u00f5hulises silbis. R\u00f5huta silbis kipuvad t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likud taanduma [\u0259]-sarnaseks h\u00e4\u00e4likuks. Kaash\u00e4\u00e4liku\u00fchendite sisse v\u00f5ib vahel tekkida lisat\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4lik, h\u00f5lbustades nende h\u00e4\u00e4ldust, nt <code>Alba<\/code> [alaba].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sarnaselt iiri keelega on gaeli kaash\u00e4\u00e4likud kas peenendatud (ingl <em>slender<\/em>) v\u00f5i peenendamata (<em>broad<\/em>). (Siin ja allpool on parema loetavuse huvides peenendust m\u00e4rgitud <em>j<\/em>-iga, kui j\u00e4rgneb t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4lik; siiski tuleb silmas pidada, et s\u00f5na keskel h\u00e4\u00e4ldub peenendatud kaash\u00e4\u00e4lik l\u00fchikesena, nt nimes <code>Feidhlim<\/code> [fjelj\u0259m&#8217;] on <em>l<\/em> l\u00fchike nagu eesti s\u00f5nas <em>kulu<\/em> [kul\u2019u] \u2018tuvi\u2019, mitte pikk nagu s\u00f5nas <em>paljas<\/em>.) Peenendust v\u00f5i peenendamatust m\u00e4rgitakse kaash\u00e4\u00e4liku ette ja j\u00e4rele kirjutatud t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likutega, seejuures t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likud ise v\u00f5ivad j\u00e4\u00e4da h\u00e4\u00e4ldamata. Peenendatud kaash\u00e4\u00e4liku ees ja j\u00e4rel on <em>i<\/em> v\u00f5i <em>e<\/em>, peenendamata kaash\u00e4\u00e4liku ees ja j\u00e4rel <em>o<\/em> v\u00f5i <em>u<\/em>, harvem <em>a<\/em>. N\u00e4iteks <code>cat<\/code> [khaht], <code>ce\u00f2l<\/code> [khjool].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gaeli <strong>g<\/strong>, <strong>b<\/strong>, <strong>d<\/strong> on enamasti helitud, st [k], [p], [t]. Seevastu <strong>c<\/strong>, <strong>p<\/strong>, <strong>t<\/strong> on silbi algul aspireeritud, st [kh], [ph], [th], t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku j\u00e4rel aga h\u00e4\u00e4ldub nende ees <em>h<\/em>, st [hk], [hp], [ht].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>ao<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f5\u00f5]<\/td><td>Aois [\u00f5\u00f5\u0161&#8217;], Aoghnas [\u00f5\u00f5n\u0259s]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>bh<\/strong><\/td><td>[v] ~ [w] v\u00f5i [vj]<\/td><td>Bh\u00e0tair [vaahtir&#8217;], L\u00edobhan [ljiiv\u0259n]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>c<\/strong><\/td><td>[k] v\u00f5i [kj]<\/td><td>Cian [kjeen], Cormac [khor\u0259m\u0259k]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ch<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>Loch [lohh], Murchadh [mur\u0259hh\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>dh<\/strong><\/td><td>[gh]* v\u00f5i [j]<\/td><td>De\u00f2rdha [tjoogh\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>fh<\/strong><\/td><td>ei h\u00e4\u00e4ldu<\/td><td>Fhearchair [er\u0259hh\u0259r&#8217;], Fhionnghall [ju\u014b\u0259l]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>gh<\/strong><\/td><td>[gh]* v\u00f5i [j]<\/td><td>(nimedes harv)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>mh<\/strong><\/td><td>[v] ~ [w] v\u00f5i [vj]<\/td><td>A Mh\u00e1iri [\u0259 vaarji], Caoimhe [kh\u00f5\u00f5iv\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ph<\/strong><\/td><td>[f] v\u00f5i [fj]<\/td><td>A Ph\u00e0draig [\u0259 faatrik&#8217;]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>sh<\/strong><\/td><td>[h]<\/td><td>A Sheumais [\u0259 heemi\u0161&#8217;]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>th<\/strong><\/td><td>[h]<\/td><td>A Thaidhg [\u0259 h\u0259ik&#8217;]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">* T\u00e4psemalt <em>g<\/em>-ahtush\u00e4\u00e4lik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e4rkus. Peenendatud [s&#8217;] on \u00fcsna l\u00e4hedane [\u0161&#8217;]-h\u00e4\u00e4likule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Vt ka <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Scottish_Gaelic\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia h\u00e4\u00e4ldusjuhiseid<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Galeegi keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hispaanias Galicia piirkonnas k\u00f5neldav galeegi keel (<em>galego<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, L l, M m, N n, \u00d1 \u00f1, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, X x, Z z. Laens\u00f5nades on kasutusel ka J j, K k, W w, Y y. T\u00e4he\u00fchendid on <em>ch<\/em>, <em>gu<\/em>*, <em>ll<\/em>, <em>nh<\/em> <em>qu<\/em>* ja <em>rr<\/em> (* \u2013 \u00fcksnes <em>e<\/em> ja <em>i<\/em> ees). R\u00f5hk on t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likuga, samuti <em>n<\/em>-i ja <em>r<\/em>-iga l\u00f5ppevates s\u00f5nades eelviimasel silbil, muudes s\u00f5nades viimasel silbil. Erandlikku r\u00f5hku m\u00e4rgitakse akuudiga (\u00b4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>b<\/strong><\/td><td>[v], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u03b2], \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Ribadeo [rivad\u00b7e\u02dbo]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[b] s\u00f5na alguses, samuti <strong>m<\/strong>-i ja <strong>n<\/strong>-i j\u00e4rel<\/td><td>O Barco [o barko]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>c<\/strong><\/td><td>[k] \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Santiago de Compostela [santj\u00b7ago de kompost\u00b7ela]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[\u03b8] <strong>e<\/strong> ja <strong>i<\/strong> ees<\/td><td>Galicia [gal\u00b7i\u03b8i\u02dba]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ch<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161]<\/td><td>Chantada [t\u0161ant\u00b7ada]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>g<\/strong><\/td><td>[g] \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Agolada [agol\u00b7ada]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[\u0161] <strong>e<\/strong> ja <strong>i<\/strong> ees<\/td><td>Gerardo [\u0161er\u00b7ardo]<sup>1<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>gu<\/strong><\/td><td>[g] <strong>e<\/strong> ja <strong>i<\/strong> ees<\/td><td>Ortigueira [ortig\u00b7eira]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>g\u00fc<\/strong><\/td><td>[gw] <strong>e<\/strong> ja <strong>i<\/strong> ees<\/td><td>Ag\u00fcero [agw\u00b7ero]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>h<\/strong><\/td><td>ei h\u00e4\u00e4ldu<\/td><td>Torre de H\u00e9rcules [torre de erkules]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>j<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>(esineb laens\u00f5nades)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ll<\/strong><\/td><td>[l(j)]<\/td><td>Carballo [karv\u00b7aljo]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f1<\/strong><\/td><td>[nj] ~ [n&#8217;]<\/td><td>A Coru\u00f1a [a kor\u00b7unja]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>nh<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u014b]<\/td><td>Anha [a\u014ba]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>qu<\/strong><\/td><td>[k]<\/td><td>Toques [tokes]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>u<\/strong><\/td><td>[w] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku ees<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>v<\/strong><\/td><td>[v] \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Riveira [riv\u00b7eira]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[b] s\u00f5na alguses, samuti <strong>m<\/strong>-i j\u00e4rel<\/td><td>Vilagarc\u00eda de Arousa [bilagar\u03b8\u00b7i\u02dba de ar\u00b7ousa]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>x<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Xinzo de Limia [\u0161in\u03b8o de limi\u02dba]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>y<\/strong><\/td><td>[i] \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Ysabel [isabel]<sup>2<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[j] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku ees<\/td><td>Yago [jago]<sup>2<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>z<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u03b8]<\/td><td>Betanzos [bet\u00b7an\u03b8os]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><sup>1<\/sup>T\u00e4nap\u00e4eval asendatud enamasti X-ga: Xerardo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><sup>2<\/sup> Y on t\u00e4nap\u00e4eval v\u00f5\u00f5rt\u00e4ht, asendatud I-ga.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ka\u0161uubi keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poolas k\u00f5neldav ka\u0161uubi keel (<em>kasz\u00ebbsczi j\u00e3z\u00ebk<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, \u0104 \u0105, \u00c3 \u00e3, B b, C c, D d, E e, \u00c9 \u00e9, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, \u0141 \u0142, M m, N n, \u0143 \u0144, O o, \u00d2 \u00f2, \u00d3 \u00f3, \u00d4 \u00f4, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, \u00d9 \u00f9, W w, Y y, Z z, \u017b \u017c. Ortograafia on suuresti sarnane poola omale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0105<\/strong><\/td><td>nasaalne [o]<\/td><td>M\u0105drzew\u00f2 [mo(n)d\u017eevwe]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00e3<\/strong><\/td><td>nasaalne [a]<\/td><td>Cz\u00f4rn\u00f4 D\u00e3br\u00f3wka [t\u0161\u00f5rn\u00f5 da(n)brovka]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>c<\/strong><\/td><td>[ts]<\/td><td>Ch\u00f2nice [hwenitse]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ch<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>Ch\u00f2czew\u00f2 [hwet\u0161evwe]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>cz<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161]<\/td><td>S\u00ebl\u00ebcz\u00ebno [s\u0259l\u0259t\u0161\u0259no]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>e<\/strong><\/td><td>lai [e], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u025b]<\/td><td>Dzemi\u00f3n\u00eb [dzemjon\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00e9<\/strong><\/td><td>[e]<\/td><td>C\u00e9wice [tsevitse]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00eb<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0259]<\/td><td>Kartuz\u00eb [kartuz\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0142<\/strong><\/td><td>[w]<\/td><td>\u0141\u00e3cz\u00ebce [wa(n)t\u0161\u0259tse]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0144<\/strong><\/td><td>[n&#8217;]<\/td><td>Gdu\u0144sk [gdun&#8217;sk]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>o<\/strong><\/td><td>lai [o], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u0254]<\/td><td>Lesno [lesno]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f3<\/strong><\/td><td>[o]<\/td><td>Swi\u00f3now\u00f2 [svjonovwe]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f2<\/strong><\/td><td>[we], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [w\u025b]<\/td><td>S\u00ebrak\u00f2jce [s\u0259rakweitse]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f4<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f5], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u025e], murretes ka [o], [u] vm<\/td><td>Wi\u00f4lg\u00f4 Wie\u015b [vj\u00f5lg\u00f5 vjes&#8217;], Gdini\u00f4 [gdinj\u00f5]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>rz<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u017e]<\/td><td>K\u00f2sc\u00e9rz\u00ebna [kwestse\u017e\u0259na]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>sz<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Kasz\u00ebb\u00eb [ka\u0161\u0259b\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f9<\/strong><\/td><td>[w\u00f5], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [w\u0289]<\/td><td>L\u00ebp\u00f9sz [l\u0259pw\u00f5\u0161]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>w<\/strong><\/td><td>[v]<\/td><td>Wejrow\u00f2 [veirovwe]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>y<\/strong><\/td><td>[i]<\/td><td>Szymbark [\u0161imbark]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u017c<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u017e]<\/td><td>\u017barn\u00f3wc [\u017earnovts]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">V ka Wikipedia artiklit <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kashubian_alphabet\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ka\u0161uubi t\u00e4hestiku<\/a> kohta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Katalaani keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hispaanias Baleaari saartel, Kataloonias ja Valencias ning L\u00f5una-Prantsusmaal k\u00f5neldav keel (<em>catal\u00e0<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. Valencias nimetatakse seda sageli valenssia keeleks (<em>valenci\u00e0<\/em>). T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z. Laens\u00f5nades esinevad ka K k, W w, Y y. R\u00f5hk on t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku, <em>n<\/em>-i ja <em>s<\/em>-iga l\u00f5ppevates s\u00f5nades eelviimasel silbil, muudes s\u00f5nades viimasel silbil. Erandlikku r\u00f5hku m\u00e4rgitakse akuudiga (\u00b4) v\u00f5i graavisega (`). R\u00f5hutu silbi t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likutele on omane taandunud, ebam\u00e4\u00e4rasem h\u00e4\u00e4ldus: <em>can\u00e7\u00f3<\/em> [k\u0259nss`oo], <em>pisos<\/em> [pizus]. Seda esineb rohkem idakatalaani h\u00e4\u00e4lduses, sh Barcelonas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>b<\/strong><\/td><td>[b], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u03b2] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel<\/td><td>Abelard [abel\u00b7ard]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>d<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f0] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel<\/td><td>Amadeu [ama\u00f0\u00b7eu]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>c<\/strong><\/td><td>[k] \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Cardona [kard\u00b7ona]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[s(s)] <strong>e<\/strong> ja <strong>i<\/strong> ees<\/td><td>Cervera [serv\u00b7er\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00e7<\/strong><\/td><td>[s(s)]<\/td><td>Mar\u00e7al [m\u0259rss\u00b7al]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>g<\/strong><\/td><td>[g], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u03b3] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel<\/td><td>Tarragona [t\u0259rrag\u00b7on\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[\u017e] <strong>e<\/strong> ja <strong>i<\/strong> ees<\/td><td>Girona [\u017eir\u00b7on\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>gu<\/strong><\/td><td>[g] <strong>e<\/strong> ja <strong>i<\/strong> ees<\/td><td>Guissona [giss\u00b7on\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ig<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161] s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku j\u00e4rel<\/td><td>Roig [rot\u0161]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>j<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u017e]<\/td><td>Joan [\u017eoan]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ll<\/strong><\/td><td>[lj]<\/td><td>Lleida [ljei\u00f0\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0140l<\/strong><\/td><td>[ll]<\/td><td>Sibil\u00b7la [sib\u00b7ill\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ny<\/strong><\/td><td>[nj]<\/td><td>Catalunya [katal\u00b7unj\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>qu<\/strong><\/td><td>[k] <strong>e<\/strong> ja <strong>i<\/strong> ees<\/td><td>Miquel [mik\u00b7el]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>r<\/strong><\/td><td>ei h\u00e4\u00e4ldu s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus (kesk- ja idakatalaani keelepruugis)<\/td><td>Roger [ru\u017e\u00b7e], Gaspar [g\u0259sp\u00b7a]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>s<\/strong><\/td><td>[z] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel<\/td><td>Rosa [roz\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>tx<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161]<\/td><td>Txema [t\u0161em\u0259]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>tz<\/strong><\/td><td>[dz] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel<\/td><td>Atzar [\u0259dz\u00b7ar]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>x<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Aleix [al\u00b7ei\u0161]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00f5mri keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Suurbritannias Walesis k\u00f5neldav k\u00f5mri keel (<em>Cymraeg<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e, F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u, W w, Y y. R\u00f5hk on tavaliselt eelviimasel silbil, erandlikku r\u00f5hku m\u00e4rgitakse akuudiga (\u00b4). Tsirkumfleks (^) t\u00e4he peal n\u00e4itab t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku pikkust, t\u00e4pid (\u00a8) seda, et t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4lik loetakse eraldi silpi. T\u00e4hed <strong>w<\/strong> ja <strong>y<\/strong> m\u00e4rgivad k\u00f5mri keeles \u00fcldjuhul t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likuid. Lahtise silbi t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4lik on tavaliselt pikk. M\u00f5nel nimel on kaks h\u00e4\u00e4ldust, eraldatud kaldkriipsuga. Sel juhul on esimene P\u00f5hja-Walesi, teine L\u00f5una-Walesi h\u00e4\u00e4ldus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>ae<\/strong><\/td><td>[a\u00f5] P\u00f5hja-Walesis, [ai] L\u00f5una-Walesis<\/td><td>Caerdydd [ka\u00f5rd\u00f5\u00f5\u00f0] \/ [kairdii\u00f0]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>c<\/strong><\/td><td>[k]<\/td><td>Cadwaladr [kadwaladr]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ch<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>Chwith [hwi\u03b8]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>dd<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f0]<\/td><td>Dafydd [dav\u00f5\u00f0] \/ [davi\u00f0]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>f<\/strong><\/td><td>[v]<\/td><td>Myfanwy [m\u0259vanui]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ff<\/strong><\/td><td>[f]<\/td><td>Ffestiniog [festinjog]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ll<\/strong><\/td><td>helitu [hl], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u026c])<\/td><td>Llanelli [hlanehli]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ng<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u014b]<\/td><td>Angharad [a\u014bharad]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ph<\/strong><\/td><td>[f]<\/td><td>Phylip [f\u0259lip]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>rh<\/strong><\/td><td>[r], t\u00e4psemalt helitu r)<\/td><td>Rhyl [r\u00f5\u00f5l] \/ [riil]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>si<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku ees<\/td><td>Si\u00e2n [\u0161aan]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>th<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u03b8]<\/td><td>Porthcawl [por\u03b8kaul]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>u<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f5(\u00f5)] (<kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u0268]) P\u00f5hja-Walesis, [i(i)] L\u00f5una-Walesis<\/td><td>Rhyd-ddu [r\u00f5d-\u00f0\u00f5] \/ [rid-\u0111i]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>w<\/strong><\/td><td>[u(u)] \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Pwllheli [puhl-heli], Ffynon Taf [f\u0259non taav]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[w] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku ees sageli<\/td><td>Gwenllian [gwenhlian]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>y<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f5] ([\u0268]) P\u00f5hja-Walesis, [i] L\u00f5una-Walesis \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Meredydd [mered\u00f5\u00f0] \/ [meredi\u00f0]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[\u0259] mittel\u00f5pusilbis ja \u00fcksikutes r\u00f5huta s\u00f5nades<\/td><td>Cymru [k\u0259mr\u00f5] \/ [k\u0259mri]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Vt ka <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Welsh\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia h\u00e4\u00e4ldusjuhiseid<\/a> ja <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Appendix:Welsh_pronunciation\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wiktionary selgitusi<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Letseburgi keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Luksemburgi rahvuskeel letseburgi keel (<em>l\u00ebtzebuergesch<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, \u00c4 \u00e4, \u00cb \u00eb, \u00c9 \u00e9. Laens\u00f5nades esinevad ka C c, Q q, X x, Y y. T\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku pikkust m\u00e4rgitakse kahe t\u00e4hega (<strong>aa<\/strong>, <strong>ee<\/strong>, <strong>ii<\/strong>, <strong>oo<\/strong>, <strong>uu<\/strong>). \u00dcldiselt on l\u00fchikesed ja pikad h\u00e4\u00e4likud sarnased, \u00fcksnes <strong>e<\/strong> h\u00e4\u00e4ldub [\u00e4], aga <strong>ee<\/strong> [ee]. R\u00f5hutu t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4lik, eriti <strong>e<\/strong> kaldub ebam\u00e4\u00e4rase h\u00e4\u00e4liku [\u0259] poole. Kaash\u00e4\u00e4likute m\u00e4rkimises on palju \u00fchist saksa tavaga, ent lisandub prantsuse m\u00f5ju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>ch<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>Gr\u00e9ivemaacher [greivemaahher]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>e<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00e4]<\/td><td>Helzen [h\u00e4lts\u0259n]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ei<\/strong>, <strong>ey<\/strong><\/td><td>[ai]<\/td><td>Veianen [faianen]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00e9<\/strong><\/td><td>[e]<\/td><td>R\u00e9imech [reim\u0259hh]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00eb<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0259]<\/td><td>L\u00ebtzebuerg [l\u0259ts\u0259bu\u0259g]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ie<\/strong><\/td><td>[i\u0259]<\/td><td>Klierf [kli\u0259rf]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>s<\/strong><\/td><td>[z] t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4liku ees<\/td><td>Simon [zimon]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>sch<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Schengen [\u0161e\u014b\u0259n]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ue<\/strong><\/td><td>[u\u0259]<\/td><td>Uelzecht [u\u0259lts\u0259ht]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>v<\/strong><\/td><td>[f], prantsuse laens\u00f5nades [v]<\/td><td>Veianen [faianen]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>w<\/strong><\/td><td>[v]<\/td><td>Wolz [volts]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>z<\/strong>, <strong>tz<\/strong><\/td><td>[ts]<\/td><td>Z\u00ebss [ts\u0259ss]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Vt ka <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:IPA\/Luxembourgish\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia h\u00e4\u00e4ldusjuhiseid<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Malta keel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Malta keel (<em>Malti<\/em>) kasutab ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, \u010a \u010b, D d, E e, F f, \u0120 \u0121, G g, G\u0127 g\u0127, H h, \u0126 \u0127, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, \u017b \u017c, Z z. Silbi l\u00f5pus h\u00e4\u00e4lduvad <em>g, b, d, z, v<\/em> helitult (<em>k, p, t, s, f<\/em>). R\u00f5hk on tavaliselt eelviimasel silbil. Graavis (<strong>\u00e0<\/strong> jne) m\u00e4rgib r\u00f5hku m\u00f5nes itaalia laens\u00f5nas, nt <em>libert\u00e0<\/em> &#8216;vabadus&#8217;, <em>sigurt\u00e0<\/em> &#8216;julgeolek&#8217;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u010b<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161]<\/td><td>Ker\u010bem [kert\u0161em]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0121<\/strong><\/td><td>[d\u017e]<\/td><td>M\u0121arr [md\u017earr]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>g\u0127<\/strong><\/td><td>j\u00e4\u00e4b \u00fcldjuhul h\u00e4\u00e4ldamata (ajalooliselt <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u0295] (=araabia \u0639))<\/td><td>G\u0127arb [arb]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[hh] s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus<\/td><td> (nimedes harv)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>ei h\u00e4\u00e4ldu t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likute vahel<\/td><td>Andar ix-Xag\u0127ari [andar i\u0161-\u0161a\u02dbari]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>h<\/strong><\/td><td>ei h\u00e4\u00e4ldu \u00fcldjuhul<\/td><td>Harrieq [arrie\u0294]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td>[hh] s\u00f5na l\u00f5pus<\/td><td>(nimedes harv)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0127<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u0127] (= araabia \u062d)<\/td><td>Mellie\u0127a [melliehha]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>q<\/strong><\/td><td>k\u00f5risulg, <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> ([\u0294])<\/td><td>Luqa [lu\u0294a]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>w<\/strong><\/td><td>[u] diftongi j\u00e4relosana<\/td><td>G\u0127awdex [aude\u0161]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>x<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u0161]<\/td><td>Munxar [mun\u0161ar]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>z<\/strong><\/td><td>[ts], harva [dz]<\/td><td>San Lawrenz [san laurents]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u017c<\/strong><\/td><td>[z]<\/td><td>G\u017cira [gzira]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u2019<\/strong><\/td><td>ei h\u00e4\u00e4ldu<\/td><td>Ta&#8217; Xbiex [ta \u0161bie\u0161]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sorbi keel (alam- ja \u00fclemsorbi)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saksamaa idaosas k\u00f5neldav sorbi keel esineb kahel kujul: alamsorbi (<em>dolnoserb\u0161\u0107ina<\/em> ~ <em>dolnoserbska r\u011bc<\/em>) ja \u00fclemsorbi (<em>hornjoserb\u0161\u0107ina<\/em> ~ <em>hornjoserbska r\u011b\u010d<\/em>) keelena, m\u00f5lemad kasutavad ladina kirja. T\u00e4hestik: A a, B b, C c, \u010c \u010d, \u0106 \u0107, D d, D\u017a d\u017a, E e, \u011a \u011b, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, J j, K k, \u0141 \u0142, L l, M m, N n, \u0143 \u0144, O o, \u00d3 \u00f3, P p, R r, \u0154 \u0155<sup>a<\/sup>, \u0158 \u0159<sup>\u00fc<\/sup>, S s, \u0160 \u0161, \u015a \u015b<sup>a<\/sup>, T t, U u, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, \u017d \u017e, \u0179 \u017a<sup>a<\/sup>. Kui mingi t\u00e4ht v\u00f5i n\u00e4htus esineb vaid \u00fches neist keeltest, on see m\u00e4rgitud \u00fclaindeksiga <sup>a<\/sup> v\u00f5i <sup>\u00fc<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>T\u00e4hed<\/th><th>H\u00e4\u00e4ldus<\/th><th>N\u00e4ited<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>c<\/strong><\/td><td>[ts]<\/td><td>Kaponica [kaponitsa]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ch<\/strong><\/td><td>[h(h)]<\/td><td>Cho\u0142m [howm]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u010d<\/strong><\/td><td>[t\u0161]<\/td><td>Nysowa \u0142u\u010dina [n\u00f5ssova wut\u0161ina]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0107<\/strong> <sup>a<\/sup><\/td><td>[t\u0161&#8217;], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u02a8]<\/td><td>Marko\u0107icy [markot\u0161&#8217;its\u00f5]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u011b<\/strong><\/td><td>[i], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u026a] \/ [e]<\/td><td>B\u011b\u0142a Woda [biwa voda]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0142<\/strong><\/td><td>[w]<\/td><td>Be\u0142eb\u00f3h [bewebuhh]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0144<\/strong><\/td><td>[n&#8217;]<\/td><td>Jab\u0142o\u0144c [jabwon&#8217;ts]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u00f3<\/strong><\/td><td>[u], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u028a]<\/td><td>H\u00f3rnikecanski jezor [hurniketsanski jezor]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0155<\/strong> <sup>a<\/sup><\/td><td>[r&#8217;]<\/td><td>T\u0161awa\u0155nja [t\u0161avar&#8217;nja]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0159<\/strong> <sup>\u00fc<\/sup><\/td><td>[(r)\u017e], [r(\u0161)]<\/td><td>K\u0159i\u0161ow [k\u0161i\u0161ov]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u015b<\/strong> <sup>a<\/sup><\/td><td>[\u0161&#8217;], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u0255]<\/td><td>Ch\u00f3\u015bebuz [hu\u0161&#8217;ebuz]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>w<\/strong><\/td><td>[v]<\/td><td>W\u00f3dra [vudra]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>y<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u00f5]<\/td><td>Nysa [n\u00f5ssa]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u017a<\/strong><\/td><td>[\u017e&#8217;], <kbd>IPA<\/kbd> [\u0293]<\/td><td>D\u017a\u011bwin [d\u017e&#8217;ivin]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Vt ka Wikipedia artikleid <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lower_Sorbian_language#Orthography\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">alamsorbi<\/a> ja <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Upper_Sorbian_language#Writing_system\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u00fclemsorbi<\/a> keele kohta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Koostanud Peeter P\u00e4ll.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Baski, bretooni, esperanto, friisi, f\u00e4\u00e4ri, gaeli, galeegi, ka\u0161uubi, katalaani, k\u00f5mri, letseburgi, malta, alam- ja \u00fclemsorbi keel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[751],"tags":[1522,1512,1513,1727,1726,1514,1515,1516,577,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1523],"class_list":["post-21747","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eri-keelte-nimede-juhiseid","tag-alamsorbi-keel","tag-baski-keel","tag-bretooni-keel","tag-esperanto-keel","tag-faari-keel","tag-friisi-keel","tag-gaeli-keel","tag-galeegi-keel","tag-haaldus","tag-kasuubi-keel","tag-katalaani-keel","tag-komri-keel","tag-letseburgi-keel","tag-malta-keel","tag-ulemsorbi-keel"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21747","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21747"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21747\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30087,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21747\/revisions\/30087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21747"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21747"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}