{"id":2670,"date":"2021-07-30T15:22:19","date_gmt":"2021-07-30T12:22:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/193.40.33.167\/teatmik\/?p=2670"},"modified":"2025-12-02T13:51:16","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T11:51:16","slug":"tuve-vorm-tuletistes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/tuve-vorm-tuletistes\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcve vorm tuletistes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"luhidalt-block_ec3a9bcdb25b52c85655515e66363445\" class=\"luhidalt\">\r\n   <h4>L\u00fchidalt<\/h4>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuletises v\u00f5ib alust\u00fcvi j\u00e4\u00e4da samaks v\u00f5i muutuda.<\/p>\n\n\n\r\n<div id=\"pikemalt-block_900d7f39004d4f211997af92cb88885e\" class=\"pikemalt\">\r\n\r\n   <h4>Pikemalt<\/h4>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuletisi saab luua nii k\u00e4\u00e4nd-, p\u00f6\u00f6rd- kui ka muutumatute s\u00f5nade p\u00f5hjal, samuti kinnist\u00fcvedest ja nimedest. Tuletusaluseks saavad olla oma- ja v\u00f5\u00f5rt\u00fcved. Omat\u00fcvega sobib paremini omaliide, v\u00f5\u00f5rt\u00fcvega nii v\u00f5\u00f5r- kui ka omaliide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuletust\u00fcve v\u00f5ib anda &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>k\u00e4\u00e4nds\u00f5na, sh nimis\u00f5na: look &gt; <code>look\/le-ma<\/code>, f\u00fc\u00fcsika &gt; <code>f\u00fc\u00fcsika\/line<\/code>, omaduss\u00f5na: tore&gt;  <code>tore\/dus<\/code>, ases\u00f5na: ise &gt; <code>ise\/kas<\/code>, arvs\u00f5na: kuus : kuue &gt; <code>kuue\/kesi<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tegus\u00f5na: teeni-ma &gt; <code>teeni\/nda-ma<\/code>, registreeri-ma &gt; <code>registreeri\/ng<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>muutumatu s\u00f5na: ajuti &gt; <code>ajuti\/ne<\/code>, vastastikku &gt; <code>vastastikk\/us<\/code>, umbe &gt; <code>umb\/u-ma<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kinnist\u00fcvi: liht-&gt; <code>liht\/ne<\/code>, vaeg- &gt; <code>vaeg\/ur<\/code>, \u00fcli- &gt; <code>\u00fcli\/sta-ma<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nimi: Tammsaare &gt; <code>tammsaare\/lik<\/code>, London &gt; <code>london\/lane<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aluss\u00f5na on struktuurilt lihts\u00f5na: vale &gt; <code>vale\/sti<\/code>, liits\u00f5na: au+tasu &gt; <code>autasu\/sta-ma<\/code> v\u00f5i tuletis: is\/ik &gt; <code>isik\/lik<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuletise moodustamisel m\u00f5jutab tuletusliide t\u00fcve vormi ja ka vastupidi: t\u00fcvi m\u00f5jutab liidet, nt t\u00e4ish\u00e4\u00e4likuga l\u00f5ppeva t\u00fcve korral rakendub <em>us<\/em>-liite asemel selle kaash\u00e4\u00e4likualguline variant (-<em>dus<\/em>, &#8211;<em>sus<\/em>), nt kena+dus &gt; <code>kena\/dus<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcvi v\u00f5ib tuletamisel muutuda sobivavormiliseks. Nt l\u00fcheneda: puhasta-ma &gt; <code>puhast\/i<\/code>, valge &gt; <code>valg\/us<\/code>, p\u00f5ika-ma &gt; <code>p\u00f5ik\/le-ma<\/code>; pikeneda: t\u00f6\u00f6taja &gt; <code>t\u00f6\u00f6tajas\/kond<\/code>, <code>liikmes\/kond<\/code>. M\u00f5nikord muutub alust\u00fcve vokaal, nt kauba &gt; <code>kaubi\/tse-ma<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ka v\u00f5ib n\u00f5rgeneda tuletust\u00fcve &#8211; kolmandav\u00e4ltelise aluss\u00f5na &#8211; v\u00e4lde: k\u00f5rge (III v) &gt; <code>k\u00f5rge\/ne-ma<\/code> (II v), s\u00f6\u00f6bi-ma &gt; <code>s\u00f6\u00f6vitama<\/code>, joobu-ma &gt; <code>joov\/e<\/code>, peegel &gt; <code>peegel\/da-ma<\/code>. N\u00f5rgeneda v\u00f5ib ka alust\u00fcve liite v\u00e4lde, nt <em>-stikku<\/em> &gt; &#8211;<em>stiku\/ne<\/em>: vastastikku &gt; <code>vastastikune<\/code>, j\u00e4rjestikku &gt; <code>j\u00e4rjestikune<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"variandid\">Variandid<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Osast tuletistest on v\u00f5imalik nii III- kui ka II-v\u00e4lteline variant, nt <code>k\u00f5rgustik<\/code>, <code>joomarlus<\/code>, <code>naabritar<\/code>, <code>j\u00e4\u00e4nu<\/code>, <code>andekas<\/code>, <code>maitsetu<\/code>, <code>hoogus<\/code>, <code>taidurlik<\/code>, <code>kaunike<\/code>, <code>leeliseline<\/code>. \u00d5igekeelsuse m\u00f5ttes on probleemiks s\u00f5nad, kus v\u00e4lte n\u00f5rgenemine kajastuks ka kirjapildis. Nt <code>m\u00f5ttekas<\/code> &#8211; <code>m\u00f5tekas<\/code>, <code>m\u00f5ttetu<\/code> &#8211; <code>m\u00f5tetu<\/code>, <code>v\u00f5ttestik <\/code>&#8211; <code>v\u00f5testik<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kohanimetuletiste hulgas on paare, kus \u00fchel paarikul on alust\u00fcvi l\u00fchenemata ja teisel l\u00fchenenud: <code>rakverelane<\/code> ja <code>rakverlane<\/code>, <code>haapsalulane<\/code> ja <code>haapsallane<\/code>, <code>peterburilane<\/code> ja <code>peterburlane<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcve pikkuselt varieeruvad <code>k\u00f5lblik<\/code> ja <code>k\u00f5lbulik<\/code>. <em>lik<\/em>-liide on \u00fcks v\u00e4heseid omaduss\u00f5naliiteid, mis liitub ka tegus\u00f5nat\u00fcvele. Kahesilbilise kolmandav\u00e4ltelise vokaalt\u00fcvega alusverb l\u00fcheneb \u00fchesilbiliseks tuletust\u00fcveks: kaeba-ma &gt; <code>kaeblik<\/code>, taipa-ma &gt; <code>taiplik<\/code>, k\u00f5lba-ma &gt; <code>k\u00f5lblik<\/code>. Reeglip\u00e4rase tuletusk\u00e4iguga tuletise <code>k\u00f5lblik<\/code> k\u00f5rval on levinud ja n\u00fc\u00fcd aktsepteeritud ka pikem murdetaustaga <code><a href=\"https:\/\/sonaveeb.ee\/search\/unif\/dlall\/dsall\/k%C3%B5lbulik\/1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">k\u00f5lbulik<\/a><\/code>. Vastanduse n\u00e4itamisel sobib s\u00f5naga <code>k\u00f5lbmatu<\/code> paremini paari <code>k\u00f5lblik<\/code>, nt <code>kasutusk\u00f5lbmatu<\/code> ja <code>kasutusk\u00f5lbli<\/code>k, <code>s\u00f5iduk\u00f5lbmatu<\/code> ja <code>s\u00f5iduk\u00f5lblik<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ka tuletiste <code>kohustuslane<\/code> ja <code>kohuslane<\/code> puhul varieerub t\u00fcve pikkus. Kui \u00fcldkeelses tarvituses saab neid vaheldada, nt <code>k\u00e4ibemaksukohustuslane<\/code> ja <code>k\u00e4ibemaksukohuslane<\/code>, siis erialases kasutuses on pikemad variandid t\u00e4psemad: kaitsev\u00e4ekohustus &gt; <code>kaitsev\u00e4ekohustuslane<\/code>, aruandekohustus &gt; <code>aruandekohustuslane<\/code>, vrd <code>kaitsev\u00e4ekohuslane<\/code> &lt; kaitsev\u00e4ekohus, <code>aruandekohuslane<\/code> &lt; aruandekohus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcvevokaalilt erinevad nt<em> ti-<\/em>m\u00e4\u00e4rs\u00f5nade paarid <code>kolmiti<\/code> ja <code>kolmeti<\/code>, <code>hetkiti<\/code> ja <code>hetketi<\/code>, <code>inimesiti<\/code> ja <code>inimeseti<\/code>, <code>kevaditi<\/code> ja <code>kevadeti<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"kirjandus\">Kirjandus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reet Kasik,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dspace.ut.ee\/bitstream\/handle\/10062\/50084\/sonamoodustus_kasik.pdf?sequence=2&amp;isAllowed=y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">S\u00f5namoodustus<\/a>. Eesti keele varamu I. Tartu: Tartu \u00dclikooli kirjastus, 2015. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Georg Timo\u0161t\u0161enko. Eesti keele distributiivsed <em>ti<\/em>-liitelised m\u00e4\u00e4rs\u00f5nad. Bakalaureuset\u00f6\u00f6. Juhendaja kaasprofessor K\u00fclli Habicht. Tartu, 2023.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kas ja kuidas muutub tuletise moodustamisel aluss\u00f5na.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[710],"tags":[835,781,780,782],"class_list":["post-2670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tuletised","tag-alussona","tag-tuletis","tag-tuletusliide","tag-tuvi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2670"}],"version-history":[{"count":58,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26689,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670\/revisions\/26689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/teatmik.eki.ee\/teatmik\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}